Best practices and pitfall experiences of Vite in large-scale team collaboration.
考察点:大型项目中Vite的工程化实践和团队协作经验。
答案:
在大规模团队协作中,Vite 需要从开发规范、性能优化、构建流程、团队协作等多个维度进行工程化实践,以确保项目的稳定性和开发效率。
开发环境标准化:
1. 统一开发环境配置:
export default {
engines: {
node: '>=16.0.0',
npm: '>=8.0.0'
},
viteVersion: '4.4.0',
requiredPlugins: {
'@vitejs/plugin-vue': '^4.2.0',
'@vitejs/plugin-react': '^4.0.0',
'vite-plugin-eslint': '^1.8.0'
},
teamConfig: {
server: {
port: 3000,
host: '0.0.0.0'
},
build: {
sourcemap: true,
reportCompressedSize: false
}
}
}
function checkEnvironment() {
const nodeVersion = process.version
const requiredVersion = '16.0.0'
if (!semver.gte(nodeVersion, requiredVersion)) {
console.error(`Node.js version ${requiredVersion} or higher is required`)
process.exit(1)
}
}
2. 开发工具链统一:
export const createBaseConfig = (options = {}) => {
return {
plugins: [
eslint({
include: ['src/**/*.{js,ts,vue,jsx,tsx}'],
exclude: ['node_modules', 'dist'],
failOnError: true
}),
checker({
typescript: true,
vueTsc: true,
enableBuild: false
}),
{
name: 'team-standards',
transform(code, id) {
if (code.includes('eval(')) {
this.error('eval() is not allowed in team standards')
}
if (id.endsWith('.vue') && !/^[A-Z]/.test(path.basename(id))) {
this.warn(`Vue component should use PascalCase: ${id}`)
}
}
}
],
resolve: {
alias: {
'@': path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'src'),
'@components': path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'src/components'),
'@utils': path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'src/utils'),
'@api': path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'src/api')
}
}
}
}
大型项目性能优化:
1. 构建性能优化:
export default defineConfig({
optimizeDeps: {
include: [
'vue',
'vue-router',
'pinia',
'element-plus',
'lodash-es',
'dayjs',
'axios'
],
exclude: ['@iconify/icons-ep'],
esbuildOptions: {
target: 'esnext'
}
},
server: {
warmup: {
clientFiles: [
'./src/components/common/**/*.vue',
'./src/utils/**/*.js'
]
},
fs: {
cachedChecks: true
}
},
build: {
reportCompressedSize: false,
chunkSizeWarningLimit: 1000,
rollupOptions: {
output: {
manualChunks: (id) => {
if (id.includes('node_modules')) {
if (id.includes('vue')) return 'vue'
if (id.includes('element-plus')) return 'element-plus'
if (id.includes('echarts')) return 'echarts'
return 'vendor'
}
if (id.includes('src/modules/')) {
const module = id.split('src/modules/')[1].split('/')[0]
return `module-${module}`
}
}
}
}
}
})
2. 开发服务器优化:
export default defineConfig({
server: {
https: true,
middlewareMode: false,
hmr: {
port: 24678,
overlay: {
warnings: false,
errors: true
}
},
proxy: createProxyConfig()
}
})
function createProxyConfig() {
const env = process.env.NODE_ENV || 'development'
const targets = {
development: 'http://dev-api.company.com',
testing: 'http://test-api.company.com',
staging: 'http://staging-api.company.com'
}
return {
'/api': {
target: targets[env],
changeOrigin: true,
configure: (proxy) => {
proxy.on('error', (err, req, res) => {
console.error('Proxy error:', err)
})
}
}
}
}
团队协作规范:
1. Git 工作流和 CI/CD 集成:
name: Vite CI/CD
on:
push:
branches: [main, develop]
pull_request:
branches: [main]
jobs:
test:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v3
- name: Setup Node.js
uses: actions/setup-node@v3
with:
node-version: '18'
cache: 'npm'
- name: Install dependencies
run: npm ci
- name: Run linting
run: npm run lint
- name: Run type checking
run: npm run type-check
- name: Run tests
run: npm run test:coverage
- name: Build application
run: npm run build
env:
NODE_ENV: production
- name: Bundle analysis
run: npm run analyze
- name: Upload coverage
uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
build-and-deploy:
needs: test
if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Build for production
run: npm run build:prod
- name: Deploy to staging
run: npm run deploy:staging
2. 代码分层和模块化:
src/
├── applications/ # 应用层
│ ├── admin/ # 管理后台应用
│ ├── mobile/ # 移动端应用
│ └── web/ # Web 应用
├── modules/ # 业务模块
│ ├── user/
│ │ ├── api/
│ │ ├── components/
│ │ ├── stores/
│ │ ├── types/
│ │ └── index.ts
│ ├── product/
│ └── order/
├── shared/ # 共享代码
│ ├── components/ # 通用组件
│ ├── composables/ # 组合式函数
│ ├── utils/ # 工具函数
│ ├── types/ # 类型定义
│ └── constants/ # 常量定义
├── infrastructure/ # 基础设施层
│ ├── http/ # HTTP 客户端
│ ├── storage/ # 存储抽象
│ ├── router/ # 路由配置
│ └── plugins/ # 插件配置
└── config/ # 配置文件
├── vite/
├── env/
└── build/
export { UserApi } from './api'
export { UserStore } from './stores'
export { UserProfile, UserList } from './components'
export type { User, UserCreateRequest } from './types'
常见踩坑和解决方案:
1. 内存和性能问题:
export default defineConfig({
esbuild: {
loader: 'tsx',
include: /src\/.*\.[tj]sx?$/,
exclude: /node_modules/
},
server: {
watch: {
ignored: [
'**/node_modules/**',
'**/dist/**',
'**/.git/**',
'**/coverage/**',
'**/logs/**'
],
usePolling: process.env.USE_POLLING === 'true'
}
},
plugins: loadPluginsByEnvironment(process.env.NODE_ENV)
})
2. 团队成员环境不一致:
async function checkAndFixEnvironment() {
checkNodeVersion()
await checkNpmRegistry()
await checkRequiredDependencies()
generateEnvironmentReport()
}
function checkNodeVersion() {
const required = '>=16.0.0'
const current = process.version
if (!semver.satisfies(current, required)) {
console.error(`❌ Node.js ${required} required, current: ${current}`)
console.log(`💡 Install via nvm: nvm install 18 && nvm use 18`)
process.exit(1)
}
console.log(`✅ Node.js version: ${current}`)
}
3. 构建产物不一致:
{
"engines": {
"node": ">=16.0.0",
"npm": ">=8.0.0"
},
"volta": {
"node": "18.17.0",
"npm": "9.6.7"
},
"scripts": {
"preinstall": "node scripts/check-env.js",
"build:ci": "cross-env CI=true NODE_ENV=production vite build",
"build:analyze": "npm run build:ci && npx vite-bundle-analyzer dist"
}
}
const buildConfig = {
build: {
target: 'es2015',
cssTarget: 'chrome61',
rollupOptions: {
output: {
entryFileNames: 'assets/[name].[hash].js',
chunkFileNames: 'assets/[name].[hash].js',
assetFileNames: 'assets/[name].[hash].[ext]'
}
}
}
}
监控和维护:
- 建立构建性能监控仪表板
- 定期进行依赖更新和安全扫描
- 收集和分析团队开发效率数据
- 持续优化工程化工具和流程