什么是数据库?关系型数据库和非关系型数据库的区别?
What is a database? What are the differences between relational and non-relational databases?
*考察点:数据库基础概念。*
共 231 道题目
What is a database? What are the differences between relational and non-relational databases?
What is MongoDB? What are its main features and advantages?
What are documents, collections, and databases in MongoDB?
How to connect to MongoDB database in Node.js?
How to perform basic CRUD operations in MongoDB?
What is SQL? What are the commonly used SQL statements?
What are primary keys, foreign keys, and indexes in databases?
What are database transactions? What are ACID properties?
How to perform database backup and recovery?
What is ORM? What are the commonly used Node.js ORM frameworks?
What is MongoDB's sharding mechanism? How to implement horizontal scaling?
How to design efficient MongoDB data models? Embedded vs Referenced?
What is the aggregation pipeline in MongoDB? How to use it?
How to optimize MongoDB query performance?
What is a database connection pool? Why do we need connection pooling?
How to handle concurrent access and locking mechanisms in databases?
What are the normalization design principles for databases?
How to implement read-write separation for databases?
What is MongoDB replica set? How to configure it?
How to perform database performance monitoring and tuning?
How to design a highly available and high-performance database architecture?
How to implement distributed transactions in databases? Application of CAP theorem?
How to implement automatic failover and disaster recovery for databases?
What are the database selection and architecture design strategies for big data scenarios?
How to implement data consistency across databases?
What are the security protection strategies for databases?
How to design and implement database partitioning strategies?
What are the best practices for databases in microservices architecture?
How to handle real-time analysis and OLAP for massive data?
What are the cloud-native architecture and containerized deployment strategies for databases?
What is Docker? What problems does it solve?
What are images, containers, and repositories in Docker?
How to build a Docker image? What is the basic syntax of Dockerfile?
What are the differences between Docker containers and virtual machines?
How to run and manage Docker containers?
What are volumes in Docker? How to use them?
How to configure networking in Docker?
What is Docker Compose? What is its purpose?
How to containerize and deploy a Node.js application?
What are the basic Docker commands?
How does Docker's layered file system work?
How to optimize Docker image size? What are the best practices?
What is multi-stage build in Docker? How to use it?
How to implement health checks for Docker containers?
What are Docker's security mechanisms? How to enhance container security?
How to use Docker for CI/CD pipelines?
What is Docker Swarm? How to perform cluster management?
How to monitor Docker container performance and resource usage?
What are the network modes in Docker? What are their characteristics?
How to handle log management for Docker containers?
How to design a microservices architecture based on Docker?
What are the deployment strategies and best practices for Docker in production?
How to implement automatic scaling for Docker containers?
What is the relationship between Kubernetes and Docker? What are advanced container orchestration strategies?
How to handle fault recovery and high availability for Docker containers?
How do Docker network plugins and storage plugins work?
How to implement cross-host Docker container communication?
What is Docker's role in cloud-native architecture and optimization strategies?
How to design version management and release strategies for Docker images?
What are Docker's performance tuning and resource limiting strategies?
What is Go language? What are its main features and advantages?
What is Go's concurrency model? How to use goroutine and channel?
What is Go's package management and module system? How to use go mod?
How to create a basic HTTP server in Go?
How to handle JSON data in Go? How to implement serialization and deserialization?
What is Go's error handling mechanism? How to handle errors gracefully?
What are interfaces and structs in Go? How to define and use them?
How to connect and operate databases in Go? What are the commonly used database drivers?
How to design and implement RESTful APIs in Go? What are the best practices?
What is middleware in Go web development? How to develop and use middleware?
How to handle CORS cross-origin issues in Go APIs? What are the solutions?
How to implement JWT authentication in Go? What are the security considerations?
How to use ORM in Go? Basic usage and best practices of GORM?
How to generate documentation for Go APIs? What are the version management strategies?
What is the testing strategy for Go applications? How to perform unit testing and integration testing?
How to design Go microservices architecture? How to implement inter-service communication?
How to implement API gateway and service governance in Go applications?
What are the performance optimization strategies for Go applications? How to handle high concurrency scenarios?
How to design containerized deployment and CI/CD pipeline for Go applications?
How to implement monitoring and logging systems for Go applications?
What are the security protection measures for Go applications? How to prevent common security vulnerabilities?
How to design Go distributed systems? How to implement distributed locks and transactions?
How to deeply integrate Go backend services with modern frontend frameworks? What are the best practices?
What is GraphQL? What are its main features and advantages?
What is GraphQL Schema? How to define the type system?
What are Query, Mutation, and Subscription in GraphQL?
What are Resolver functions? How to implement data resolution?
What are the differences between GraphQL and REST API? What are their pros and cons?
How to use GraphQL clients in frontend? What are the commonly used tools?
How to handle errors in GraphQL? What are the best practices for error handling?
How does GraphQL perform basic data fetching? What is the query syntax?
What are the best practices for GraphQL Schema design? How to avoid common pitfalls?
How to implement complex GraphQL queries and data associations?
How to implement pagination and data filtering in GraphQL?
What are the caching strategies for GraphQL? How to optimize query performance?
How to implement authentication and authorization mechanisms in GraphQL?
How to integrate GraphQL with frontend frameworks like React/Vue?
How do GraphQL Subscriptions implement real-time data updates?
What are the GraphQL development tools? How to set up the development environment?
What is GraphQL Federation? How to design federated architecture?
How to handle GraphQL architecture design in complex business scenarios?
How to implement performance monitoring and analysis for GraphQL applications?
What are the security protection measures for GraphQL? How to limit query depth and complexity?
How to design architecture for large-scale GraphQL applications?
How to develop GraphQL custom directives and middleware?
How does GraphQL integrate with microservices architecture? What are the service decomposition strategies?
What are the optimization strategies and deployment considerations for GraphQL in production?
What are the main features of Java language? What are the core concepts of object-oriented programming?
What are the core interfaces in Java Collections Framework? What are the differences and use cases of List, Set, and Map?
What is the exception handling mechanism in Java? What are the basic concepts of multithreading programming?
What is the Spring Framework? What are the concepts of Dependency Injection (DI) and Inversion of Control (IoC)?
What are the advantages of Spring Boot? How does the auto-configuration mechanism work?
What is RESTful API? How to create basic REST interfaces in Java?
How to connect to databases in Java? What are the basic usage methods of JDBC?
What are the roles of Maven and Gradle? How to implement dependency management in Java projects?
What is the architectural pattern of Spring MVC? What is the request processing flow?
How to manage configurations in Spring Boot Web development? Usage of application.properties and application.yml?
What is Spring Data JPA? How to perform database entity mapping and query operations?
How does Spring Security implement authentication and authorization? Usage of JWT in Spring applications?
What are the best practices for RESTful API design? How to handle version control and error responses?
What is transaction management in Java? Usage of @Transactional annotation and data consistency guarantee?
How to integrate Redis in Spring applications? Design and implementation of caching strategies?
What is the testing strategy for Java applications? How to use JUnit and Mockito?
What are the core components of Spring Cloud microservices architecture? How to design and implement microservices?
What are the challenges of distributed systems? How to implement service discovery, load balancing, and circuit breakers?
What is the JVM memory model? How to perform performance tuning and monitoring?
How to design high-concurrency and highly available Java application architecture? Best practices for thread pools and asynchronous processing?
What is the role of message queues in Java applications? How to implement asynchronous processing and system decoupling?
How to implement Docker containerized deployment for Java applications? Design and implementation of CI/CD pipelines?
How to build monitoring systems for Java applications? Strategies for log management and performance metrics collection?
What are the security protection measures for enterprise Java applications? Comprehensive strategies for performance optimization?
What is Node.js? What are its main features and advantages?
How does the event loop mechanism work in Node.js?
What is npm? How to use npm to manage project dependencies?
What is the module system in Node.js? What are the differences between CommonJS and ES Module?
How to handle file operations in Node.js?
How to create an HTTP server in Node.js?
What is middleware? How to use it in Express?
How to handle asynchronous operations in Node.js? What are the differences between callbacks, Promises, and async/await?
How to handle errors in Node.js?
What is Buffer in Node.js? How to use it?
What is cluster mode in Node.js? How to implement load balancing?
How to connect and operate databases in Node.js?
What are streams in Node.js? What types are there?
How to implement authentication and authorization in Node.js applications?
How to handle CORS issues in Node.js?
How to optimize the performance of Node.js applications?
How to implement caching mechanisms in Node.js?
How to implement WebSocket communication in Node.js?
How does memory management work in Node.js? How to avoid memory leaks?
How to implement scheduled tasks and job scheduling in Node.js?
How to design a highly available Node.js microservices architecture?
How to implement monitoring and logging systems for Node.js applications?
How to implement disaster recovery and fault tolerance for Node.js applications?
How to implement distributed locks and distributed transactions in Node.js?
How to optimize startup time and memory usage of Node.js applications?
What are the security protection strategies for Node.js applications?
How to implement hot reloading and zero-downtime deployment for Node.js applications?
How to handle large-scale data processing and stream computing in Node.js?
How to design API gateway and service governance for Node.js applications?
What are the applications and optimization strategies of Node.js in Serverless architecture?
What are the basic syntax and features of PHP? What characteristics does it have compared to other programming languages?
What are the data types in PHP? What are the rules for variable scope?
What are the basic concepts of object-oriented programming in PHP? How to define and use classes and objects?
What are the array operation methods in PHP? What are the commonly used functions for string processing?
How to perform file system operations in PHP? Methods for file reading/writing and directory operations?
What is the error handling mechanism in PHP? How to implement exception handling?
How to include other files in PHP? What is the role and usage of namespaces?
What are the commonly used built-in functions in PHP? How to load and use extension modules?
What are the advanced features of object-oriented PHP? Implementation and application of inheritance, polymorphism, and interfaces?
What is the role of Composer package manager? How to use Composer to manage PHP project dependencies?
What are PSR standards? What are the PHP code standards and best practices?
What is the database abstraction layer in PHP? Usage methods and advantages of PDO?
How to apply common design patterns in PHP? Implementation of singleton, factory, and observer patterns?
What is PHP's memory management mechanism? Strategies and methods for performance optimization?
How to implement unit testing in PHP? Usage methods and testing strategies of PHPUnit?
What is PHP's autoloading mechanism? Principles of spl_autoload and Composer autoload?
What is the working principle of PHP kernel? Execution mechanism and lifecycle of Zend Engine?
How to develop PHP extensions? Integration development methods between C language and PHP?
How to handle concurrency and asynchronous programming in PHP? Application scenarios of Swoole and ReactPHP?
How to ensure PHP code quality? Methods for static analysis tools and code review?
How to perform performance analysis of PHP applications? Tuning strategies and monitoring methods?
How to design architecture for enterprise-level PHP applications? Implementation of microservices and distributed systems?
What are the development trends of modern PHP ecosystem? New features of PHP 8+ and future development directions?
Why is it not recommended to use mutable types as default arguments in Python?
What's the difference between shallow copy and deep copy?
What's the difference between list comprehension and generator expression?
What is the late binding issue in closures?
How to implement a decorator with arguments that records function execution time?
What is Django's MTV architecture? How is it different from traditional MVC?
How does Django match URL patterns?
What is the N+1 query problem in Django ORM?
How does Django prevent XSS attacks in templates?
What's the difference between static files and media files in Django?
How does Django's CSRF protection work?
What's the difference between Form and ModelForm?
How to customize Django Admin list display?
What's the difference between makemigrations and migrate?
What problem does Python virtual environment solve?
What are generators? How are they different from regular functions?
How to implement a context manager?
What are the unpacking rules for *args and kwargs in Python?
What is lazy evaluation in Django QuerySet?
What's the difference between select_related and prefetch_related?
What is the purpose of related_name in Django models?
How to optimize Django queries using only() and defer()?
What does as_view() do in Django CBV?
What's the difference between JsonResponse and HttpResponse?
How does Django's signal mechanism work?
How does Django middleware execution flow work?
How to implement a JWT authentication middleware?
How to implement object-level permissions?
What are the Django session storage backends? What are their characteristics?
What is Python's GIL? How does it affect concurrency?
What are the performance issues with nested serializers in DRF?
How to implement writable nested serializers in DRF?
How to implement multi-tenant permissions in DRF?
How to implement API throttling in DRF?
How to optimize complex Django queries?
How to prevent cache penetration, cache avalanche, and cache breakdown?
How does Celery work?
How to design database read/write splitting in Django?
How to design RESTful API versioning?
How to implement distributed transactions?
What are common security vulnerabilities in Django applications?
How to manage Django configuration following 12-Factor App principles?
How to containerize Django applications?
How to implement observability for Django applications?
How to design high availability architecture for Django applications?